Data Management in a GIS.

Spatial Databases

The storage of the data is fundamental in a GIS. Earlier, data was stored in file systems related to the application. Since every user has its own file system in this method, data may be stored parallel and its consistency, redundancy and safety is not harmonized. With a file system, it is not possible that multiple users access to the dataset simultaneously. Nowadays, data related to a Geo information-system is usually stored in a database which is organized by a sophisticated data base management system (DBMS). This method separates the data storage and the data management and allows the data to be stored distributed, what means that various data sets may be stored in different databases. As the data is the most valuable part of a GIS, it is inevitable to keep the data well organized and safe; the DBMS is the tool that helps to arrange these objects. It controls the multiuser access, access authorization and offers tools for the use of the database.

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